Free Candide Essays: Successful Writing Techniques :: Candide essays

The Successful Writing Techniques in Candide In Candide, Voltaire uses many writing techniques that can also be found in the works of Cervantes, Alighieri, Rabelais and Moliere. The use of the various styles and conventions shows that, despite the passage of centuries and the language differences, certain writing techniques will always be effective. One common literary technique is the author's use of one or more of his characters as his 'voice' to speak out the authors views on a certain subject. For instance, in Moliere's Tartuffe, the author uses the character of Cleante to speak out against religious hypocrites (page 1419, lines 99-102): Nothing that I more cherish and admire Than honest zeal and true religious fire. So there is nothing that I find more base Than specious piety's dishonest face. In Candide, Voltaire makes use of several characters to voice his opinion mocking philosophical optimism. On page 1594, Candide is asking a gentleman about whether everything is for the best in the physical world as well as the moral universe. The man replies: ...I believe nothing of the sort. I find that everything goes wrong in our world; that nobody knows his place in society or his duty, what he's doing or what he ought to be doing, and that outside of mealtimes...the rest of the day is spent in useless quarrels...-it's one unend ing warfare. By having this character take on such a pessimistic tone, he directly contradicts the obviously over-optimistic tone of Candide. In the conclusion (page 1617) an old turk instructs Candide in the futility of needless philosophizing by saying that "...the work keeps us from three great evils, boredom, vice, and poverty." In each of these examples, the character chosen by the author comes across as a reasonable and respectable person, making the author's point of view seem just as reasonable and respectable. Another technique Voltaire uses in Candide is that of taking actual people and events and weaving into his work of fiction. He often does this to mock or ridicule his political and literary adversaries, as shown in the conversation between the abbe' and the Parisian supper guests (page 1593). The abbe' mentions two critics who in Voltaires time have criticized his work. The critics are referred to as boring and impudent by the supper guests. In much the same manner Alighieri, in The Divine Comedy, has placed many of his enemies in various circles of Hell.

Mcdonald’s in East Asia

Globalization: A Give & Take Shortly after my 16th birthday, making me of legal working age in the United States, I reluctantly signed the papers to be an employee of the McDonald’s Corporation. I used the term reluctantly because to work in a McDonald’s holds deeply negative connotations in American society, especially amongst teenagers. For three years I cooked the food, worked the cash register, cleaned the restaurant, and upheld the highest of McDonald’s standards.Just before my departure to attend college in another city, I quit McDonald’s, with quite a large smile, and did not consume a single product from the restaurant until, three years later, my arrival in Hong Kong. This anecdote is an excellent example of how societal connotations shape the practices of both the business and its customer. Why did I hate my job so intently? Why was I so easily able to avoid the chain in America, its home country, but succumbed to the pressure 8,000 miles away in a foreign land?Globalization, as represented through the entry of McDonald’s into East Asia, is a series of cultural ‘give and take’, as businesses change to local preferences and consumers adapt to the various new disciplines of foreign enterprises. This combats the idea of American imperialism, as the new product formed from this ‘give and take’ is often vastly different from the original, sometimes even harboring completely adapted missions. Golden Arches East, by James L.Watson, chronicles how McDonald’s and its customers have been affected by the American firms entry into East Asia. The book includes five main excerpts from anthropologists that observed and reported the cultural changes surrounding McDonald’s in five countries: China, Japan, South Korea, Hong Kong, and Taipei. Each chapter speaks of the effects on the varying countries, but several common themes immerge. Firstly, in all the countries, both the company and the cons umer made subtle changes to either tastes or behavior.Some of the best examples of this are McDonald’s consistent target of children, leading to the popularity of children’s birthday parties, the prolonged eating times, and the consumer belief of the hamburger and French fries as a snack, not a meal. Throughout the market entry, McDonald’s introduced many behaviors that were once unknown or uncommon. The fast food culture is a precise science, calculating every action to the second. This leads to disciplines and practices becoming commonplace, in order to maintain a corporate culture and profits. Queuing n Hong Kong, standing while eating in Japan, and the popularization of children’s birthday parties are prominent examples in the text of how McDonald’s has impressed certain disciplines upon cultures, often reaching beyond the confines of the golden arches. The introduction of the queue in McDonald’s, while often times done forcibly with mar kers, is often accredited with changing how people order throughout Hong Kong (Watson 93). However, there are exceptions as I find it terribly troublesome to order a pineapple bun on the streets, generally standing with a look of bewilderment until a native comes to my rescue.Nonetheless, this is an example of how native culture adapts to the disciplines of a foreign firm. Another is in Japan, as people began to accept eating while standing. Here, the author outlines two important facets of table manners: don’t eat while standing and don’t touch the food with your hands. However, with limited space, McDonald’s opted to place standing counters in their restaurants and customers quickly adapted to this practice (Watson 178). A simple idea but it challenged a fundamental mannerism in the country.This ‘give’ from the McDonald’s company can be seen on a grander scale through the popularization of children’s birthday parties throughout all o f the countries studied. One of the major approaches of company was to target children because, as in places such as China, they receive exceptional treatment from the entire family, which lead to the promotion of birthday parties. As the company further targeted children, the kids would then request such parties to be held at McDonald’s. Before long, the idea of having a birthday was now commonplace in the countries of South Korea, China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan (Watson).Again, this challenged a fundamental cultural tradition; in South Korea, birthday parties went from being held privately with family to publicly with friends (Watson 149). All of these examples illustrate how McDonald’s managed to impress values of their own upon different cultures. Through their global penetration, they transferred cultural beliefs, which required a change in the traditional. However, for every ‘give’ the company gave, there was also a ‘take’. While the compan y managed to change certain ideals, others held resolute and forced them to adapt the way in which they practice business.The Japanese still don’t prefer to touch food with their hands. All of the five countries have taken the fast out of fast food. Also, these cultures believe it to be a snack, rather than a meal, and most refuse to clean the table themselves. McDonald’s provides quite a standard menu, typically consisting of a hamburger, French fries, and a drink. This meal essentially requires eating with the hands. As previously mentioned, this goes against one of the traditional Japanese table manners. The author observed people still largely use the wrappings to eat, thus avoid the use of their hands (Watson 178).This example of a rigid aspect of culture not adapting to foreign disciplines can also be seen in how the food is consistently viewed as a snack. Generally, throughout these Asian countries, eating at McDonald’s is not considered to be a meal. In Japan, it is said that a meal must have rice, and the same is true of Korea (Watson 164, 156). For McDonald’s to build their brand as a popular dinner destination, which is essential for profits, they had to adapt. Thus, they added items to the menu that fit the local flare, such as fried rice (Watson). One of the major changes made was within the bedrock of the company.As a fast food firm, they placed great value on people obtaining good quickly, and consuming it just as fast. However, in all of the five studied countries, people spend significantly longer amounts of time dining at McDonald’s. For Beijing and Hong Kong, the average dining times are 25 minutes, and can reach 51 minutes during non-peak hours in Beijing (Watson 56, 93). This can be compared to Americans whom only spend on average 11 minutes in the restaurant (Watson 93). People have made eating at McDonald’s a leisure activity, going directly against the nature of the company to be fast.As the com pany targeted youth in each country, this gave life to a culture of young people spending many long afternoons at the restaurant. Again, the company had to adapt their typical thought to accommodate this. Lastly, a major change was the company’s policy of having customers bus their own tables. In Hong Kong, people refused to take their trash to the bins themselves, as it was considered to be beneath them (Watson 92). Due to this, the company had to employ extra workers to ensure cleanliness in the lobby.Upon my original arrival to Hong Kong, I entered a McDonald’s, just to see what different offerings they had. I was shocked to see people leaving their tables with the trash remaining. As I have since learned this is common in the culture here, I still get a slight sensation of taboo when I leave my things on the table at a low-end restaurant. Out of context, these adaptations can seem minimal, but from somebody who has gone through the rigorous training of McDonaldâ₠¬â„¢s, every step of the dining experience is exact and calculated. To change any of this is near blasphemy.However, the company heeded the call and adapted to fit local tastes. As the international attitudes toward globalization are increasingly becoming more negative, McDonald’s became a scapegoat for American imperialism. Watson argues this is due to two things: the importance of food in culture and the idea that everybody has a McDonald’s near them with which stands as a reminder and vent for frustrations (Watson 189). However, when looking back at their original entry into East Asia, one can see how the aspects that make McDonald’s American are often times not found in their Asian counterparts.As mentioned in the introduction, McDonald’s often comes with a negative connotation. Whereas in Asia, it was known to be of high standards in both cleanliness and quality. Another main tenet of the American McDonald’s experience is the quickness of the meal. One does not spend leisure time there, and beyond that most order food through the drive through and never enter the store at all. However, the Asian countries have made it a home away from home, finding comfort in spending long hours there.These two examples describe fundamental differences in the restaurants across the globe. In an industry where little change can make a big difference, this shows how what Asians view as the American experience often isn’t that. For one to consider McDonald’s globalization an act of American imperialism, they must first establish that is truly is American culture being transposed. Through the readings and my personal experiences, there is very little American culture to be found in Asian McDonald’s, as even the food is quite different.The notion of globalization being a cultural ‘give and take’ is a metaphor in lament terms for how globalization, as seen through the case of McDonald’s international ex pansion, is truly a combining of several cultures, often forming something altogether new. It is not an act of imperialism, as corporations that choose to move into foreign countries make many fundamental changes. At the same time, the customers who purchase from the foreign enterprises make their own mark and shape it to fit their needs.While globalization can be seen as one country doing business in another, it is really about the two parties doing business with each other. I was so proud of having taken such a long hiatus from the restaurant. However, when I entered it again in Hong Kong, I felt the strange combination of being in a comfortable home environment and belonging in this new, foreign land. Works Cited Watson, James L.. Golden arches east: McDonald's in East Asia. Stanford, Calif. : Stanford University Press, 1997. Print.

Identifying Infinitive Phrases Exercises and Practice

An infinitive is a verbal—usually preceded by the particle to—that can function in a sentence as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. This exercise will test your ability to recognize infinitive phrases and distinguish them from prepositional phrases. See how many you can get right. Instructions Each sentence below contains at least one infinitive phrase. Some (but not all) of the sentences also include prepositional phrases beginning with to. Identify only the infinitive phrase(s) in each sentence, and then compare your responses with the answers below. More than anything else, I wanted some time alone to read.My grandmother told me that we have been put on Earth to share, to care, to give, and to receive.While the train was stopped at the station, Bugsy attempted to climb to the top of one of the freight cars.In the book, Mama Day, Mama Day tells the citizens of the island to listen to the crows instead of the news bulletins. During the Great Depression, audiences wanted to laugh when they went to the movies.Every Wednesday, six women from Wisbech came to the castle to do the weekly wash.On the last night of the retreat, we wanted to sing a song to end an evening that had been particularly touching to us all.The duke left the duchess at a Red Roof Inn and proceeded to drive to the country to see his mother.At the end of their long adventure, Lucy and Edmund are told that they are too old to return to Narnia again.This is from the book, Leven Thumps and the Whispered Secret: Within each Ring of Plague Sabine had organized, there was a complete assortment of powers: one to fight with ice, one to see through soil, one to throw lightning, one to fly, one to fade, one to shrink, one to breathe fire, one to run like the wind, one to burrow, one to see through rock, one to levitate objects, and one to push and bind dreams. Here (in bold print) are the answers. More than anything else, I wanted some time alone  to read.My grandmother told me that we have been put on earth  to share, /  to care,  /  to give, and  to receive.While the train was stopped at the station, Bugsy attempted  to climb  to the top of one of the freight cars.In the book, Mama Day, Mama Day tells the citizens of the island  to listen  to the crows instead of the news bulletins.During the Great Depression, audiences wanted  to laugh  when they went to the movies.Every Wednesday, six women from Wisbech came to the castle  to do the weekly wash.On the last night of the retreat, we wanted  to sing a song  /  to end an evening  that had been particularly touching to us all.The duke left the duchess at a Red Roof Inn and proceeded  to drive  to the country  to see his mother.At the end of their long adventure, Lucy and Edmund are told that they are too old  to return  to Narnia again.This is from the book, Leven Thumps and the Whisp ered Secret: Within each Ring of Plague Sabine had organized, there was a complete assortment of powers: one  to fight with ice, one  to see through soil, one  to throw lightning, one  to fly, one  to fade, one  to shrink, one  to breathe fire, one  to run like the wind, one  to burrow, one  to see through rock, one  to levitate objects, and one  to push and bind dreams. Sources Naylor, Gloria. Mama Day. Ticknor Fields, 1988. ï » ¿Skye, Obert. Leven Thumps and the Whispered Secret. Shadow Mountain, 2006.

Goodbye, Superboy a Fond Farewell to the Last Romantic

Goodbye, Superboy! A Fond Farewell to the Last Romantic. MANILA, August 21, 2003 (STAR) BY THE WAY By Max V. Soliven - Much has been written about Ninoy Aquino, whose name needs no introduction to many of our readers. Commuters pass by his statue daily on Ayala Avenue in Makati’s Golden Mile, and another monument to him in Manila. But monuments and statues, and glowing encomiums do not a hero make. But my thesis is that today, Ninoy is a forgotten hero. There was so much hype in the first halcyon years after the overthrow of the tyrant Ferdinand E. Marcos, and too many silly celebrations, with excessive hoopla, of each succeeding anniversary of the EDSA people power revolution (and then an EDSA II, and, sanamagan, even an EDSA III†¦show more content†¦Ninoy had nudged me cheerfully in the ribs and exclaimed in a stage whisper, Eto na, eto na! Firing squad na tayo. (This is it, this is it. We’re going to the Firing Squad). Yet, they didn’t shoot us. They trucked us instead to Fort Bonifacio, where they sent a military chaplain to hear our confessions — thus reinforcing our conviction that we were to be executed. Once more, we were disappointed. All throughout, it was Ninoy, who surely realized he was the number one target, Marcos’ favorite bete noir, the dictator’s pet nemesis, tried to cheer us all up. The days of captivity stretched into weeks, the weeks into months. Nobody who has never been in prison can understand what you suffer from is simply being caged — you suffer from the uncertainty of it all, and from boredom. You never know when your military jailors, who have the power of life and death over you, will drag you out and shoot you, at any hour of day or night. After a while, the world outside becomes a memory — you begin to forget that there are streets with people and vehicles in them, and noise, and hustle and bustle, and bright colors and pretty girls. One gray day follows the other and you learn to live from one day to the next. Yet, I wasn’t bored, because I had Ninoy to entertain me. We talked, we read. We swapped ideas, jokes, argued ideologies. We dreamed dreams. We went jogging during the exercise hour and steeled ourselves to run a mile in seven minutes. It was then that I

The Diversity Of The Australian Curriculum - 972 Words

All students in education come from different backgrounds. Australia is a diverse, multicultural country with 44% of Australians born overseas or have one parent born overseas, Lawrence, Brooker, Goodnow, (2012, p. 75). Its diverse population is manifested in students who bring to class their ‘virtual bags,’ (Thomson, 2002), full of different cultures, languages, religious practices, value systems and customs which may alienate them from the dominant culture. Educators must create educational environments, which cater for all microcultural groups to experience educational equality, (Banks, 2006, p. 78); otherwise the learning spaces will become hotspots for issues of diversity and difference. The Australian Curriculum recognises that all students are entitled to high quality education and acknowledges that students’ needs and interests vary, and that schools and teachers will plan from the curriculum in ways that respond to those needs and interests, Australian C urriculum and Assessment Authority (ACARA, 2013). Therefore, educators have a greater responsibility to appreciate diversity and difference by examining their attitudes and beliefs and confront the biases, which influenced their value systems as it helps them to appreciate children’s perspectives that are different from their own. 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Educators will constantlyRead MoreSchool Curriculum And The Early Years Learning Framework972 Words   |  4 Pagesmust acknowledge issues of diversity and difference and know how to approach these issues. There are two key documents that guide educators in their planning and implementation of curriculum; The Australian Curriculum and The Early Years Learning Framework. Using these two documents to create learning programs, educators must enact an inclusive curriculum that empowers all students, regardless of differences. For educators to understand and address issues of diversity and differences such as socio-economicRead MoreInclusive Curriculum : Education And Inclusive Education769 Words   |  4 PagesInclusive Curriculum In the 19th century, special needs learners, particularly students with disability have to be segregated in the special schools. However, over the past decades, humanity’s progress has occurred in acknowledging that students with special needs enjoy the same education rights as their peers. Nowadays, this group of student cohort has access to mainstreaming schools and inclusive education. In Australia, today’s classrooms are becoming increasingly diverse. According to AustralianRead MoreWhat Does Inclusive Education Means? Essay1626 Words   |  7 Pagesme as a teacher in 2014 and beyond? â€Å" In first being able to define inclusive education, it is necessary to understand the diversity of the student population. Disability comes in my varying forms and can be physical, sensory, intellectual, mental health and emotional, developmental, and non-visible (e.g. asthma). 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The global connectedness of the twenty first century means that everything in this world is interrelated and connected. Within the Australian context, due to globalisation and mass migration, Australia is ethnically and culturally diverse. Australia is also enriched with Indigenous Australian culture. A unique and multicultural community, Australia is therefore dynamic, diverse and constantly growing. This means that our schools are also dynamic, complex andRead MoreInclusion Essa y981 Words   |  4 Pagesor disability, and this forms the basis for Australia’s standards in human rights law (Ashman, 2008; Australian Human Rights Commission, 2008; Centre for Studies on Inclusive Education, 2008). The value of inclusive policy in society is reinforced as discriminatory behaviours relating to employment, education and law enforcement once commonplace are viewed harshly and treated seriously (Australian Human Rights Commission, 2008). 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In a diverse population students bring to class their â€Å"virtual schoolbags,† (Thomson, 2002), full of different cultures, languages, religious practices, value systems and customs which may alienate them from the dominant culture. Educators must create educational environmentsRead MoreThe National Quality Standard Requirements For Early Childhood Education1196 Words   |  5 Pagesenvironment and and sensory awareness. Moreover, the children has to learn to take responsibilities of their actions therefore, the educators role has expanded as there is a more complex and diverse society. â€Å"In December 2009, all Australian governments, through the Council of Australian Governments (COAG), agreed to a partnership to establish a National Quality Framework for Early Childhood Education and Care (‘National Quality Framework’) for most long day care, preschool/ kindergarten, family day care and

Letter to Senator About Smoking Ban Free Essays

Dale Schultz Senator 17th Senate District Room 122 South State Capitol P. O. Box 7882 Madison, WI 53707-7882 Dear Mr. We will write a custom essay sample on Letter to Senator About Smoking Ban or any similar topic only for you Order Now Schultz, My name is Juan Jimenez, I have been a citizen and active voter of Wisconsin for over 8 years now, and while I may not agree with some of the states past decisions, I do commend the job you and your colleagues have done. That being said, I am writing in regards to the public smoking ban that the state legislation committee is currently considering. I, and many others like me, do not support this proposed bill and I will tell you why. I do agree that a smoking ban is reasonable in some places. Between the age of most students and the declined health of hospital patients, it makes sense to ban smoking in the areas of schools and hospitals. I will also agree that smoking in a restaurant is something most everyone looks ill upon. Now bars, on the other hand, are a different story. According to taxpolicycenter. org, Wisconsin collects over 50 million dollars annually in alcohol tax revenues. Many of the bars that those taxes come from have a majority of patrons who enjoy smoking while they relax and have a drink. If they are no longer allowed to smoke in their local bar, they may just stay home, which results in lost income for local businesses, as well as, lost tax revenue for the state. As far as banning smoking in front of public building entrances, I agree due to the fact that people have to enter and exit through there. However, parking lots and parking garages offer a wide area of outdoor air and space. It’s not inconceivable that one who doesn’t want to smell smoke would quite easily be able to avoid such encounters. Having a mandatory smoking area a set distance from entrances makes sense. 1000 feet away, however, is an xtremely ridiculous proposal. Ultimately, this is about the freedom of choice and ones right to exercise that freedom. If smoking in public can be reasonably regulated, then non-smokers and smokers would be able to enjoy the same rights of choice. You, Mr. Schultz, as an elected official, must look out for all of your constituent’s freedoms. This c urrent government has far more important matters to focus time and energy toward, like our economy and the massive overspending that has become commonplace. I would like to see you take action against such frivolous rule making and vote no. Thank you for your support. Sincerely, How to cite Letter to Senator About Smoking Ban, Papers

Critically Analyze The Leadership Qualities Of A Role Model - samples

Question: Discuss about the Critically Analyze The Leadership Qualities Of A Role Model. Answer: Introduction Leadership has an important role to play in the success of an organization. The leader of the organization sets a clear goal for the employees along with individual objectives. A clear objective and potential leadership can lead the employees to work with full motivation which adds value to the organization (Antonakis and Day 2017). This assignment will critically analyze the leadership qualities of a role model. The way in which an individual can work on his characteristic traits to build the leadership qualities through the stages of observation, feedback and self- reflection will be focused on. A hotel manager has been selected as the role model for this particular assignment. Observation For the observation stage an effective and successful leader has been selected who will be considered as the role model. Mr. Romeo is the general manager of a five star hotel in Myanmar. He is a native of Philippine and completed his Master degree in Business Administration from Berkeley University. He has been working in the hotel industry for more than 20 years and he has been in the position of a general manager for 10 years. Traits and behaviors The reason behind choosing him as the role model is that he is quite famous for his leadership skills. According to Cameron et al. (2014) effective communication, motivating quality, positive attitude and trust worthiness are some of the leadership skills which were related to Mr. Romeo. Moreover he knows how to act in a responsible way and has always been successful in showing dedication towards the tasks. The acquaintance was built up when I had worked as a part timer in the same hotel in the department of food and beverage. While working in the hotel I got to know more about him such as his brilliant working and leading ways to motivate the staff members. As per Boezeman and Ellemers (2014) an effective leader needs to follow participative style where inputs from the employees are considered valuable. Mr. Romeo followed the same and his leadership capabilities inspired me to continue in the same hotel as an intern longer than I had intended to. I saw the spark in him as a leader a nd his way to mould the team by motivation in order to get back their trust and respect. Power and Intelligence While working with him I had observed his leadership qualities such as being honest and dedicated towards the work and tried to imbibe those within me. Cameron et al. (2014) had mentioned that a leader should not show false hopes or cheat on his team. He had possessed all the traits of a leader such as intelligence, inner motivation, maturity, attitude of an HR, self- confidence, foresightedness, adaptability and open mindedness, responsibility and objectivity. Thus his leadership traits can be linked with the Trait Theory which systematically evaluates the leaders. In this theory, the personal characteristics of a leader are considered as the main factors of leadership success. This theory takes into consideration the personality, social, physical and also intellectual characteristics which distinguish a leader from a commoner. For instance, my role model Mr. Romeo satisfies all the factors of Trait Theory. He is adaptable to situations, assertive, cooperative, decisive, self- confi dent and also possesses other qualities required from a leader (Cashman 2017). He has gained the necessary power and intelligence through years to train and lead his team in a successful way. The role model has all the necessary traits that could link him with the Trait Theory. Contingency While the leader had acquired all the characteristics through years but he had a flexible nature. Through his elastic nature he could gel easily with any one in any kind of situation. Such a unique characteristic quality in his nature led him adapt to tough situations and change his leadership quality accordingly. As Chemers (2014) had stated that leadership is a process by which an individual influence others for attaining the goals to make superior working environment within the organization. There are different leadership styles such as visionary, coaching, affiliative, democratic, pacesetting and commanding and each of these have their own functions. The functions are mobilizing the team towards a vision; developing them for the coming days; creating friendly bonds; building harmony through participation; expecting self direction and excellence; demanding immediate compliance respectively. Mr. Romeo had possessed all these behavior within him and implemented them as per the requi rement of the situation. This change in leadership characteristic of Mr. Romeo can be linked with the Behavioral Theory which analyses the leader on his actions and activities. As per this theory, leadership is the outcome of effective role behavior (Collinson 2014). It is believed that the actual leadership is shown by a persons behavior and not by his traits which is contradictory to the Trait Theory. This theory aims to stress on the behavior of the leader and not on his traits. Effective leadership qualities Daft (2014) had stated that leadership qualities are either innate or acquired. All the great leaders are not born with the leadership qualities but there are some who have possessed or acquired those in their lifetime. Mr. Romeo was one such great leader who not only bore the inborn qualities but also groomed himself to acquire those which he lacked. In order to know more about his leadership qualities, I wanted to talk to him so that I can gain some more knowledge about efficient team handling. While talking to him I got to know that he has not gained these qualities overnight but gradually. He said that he has groomed himself to reach this place. Initially he used to get nervous while managing a team. But with the passage of time he tried to understand his team by keeping himself in their place and what they desire. To understand the same, he had held continuous team discussions and individual meetings for a smooth communication from both the end. Day et al. (2014) had mentioned that it is always important to have a free flow of communication in the organization otherwise conflicts will arise which might take a bad shape. An effective communication helps in avoiding conflicts and issues within the organization. Mr. Romeo followed the same to prevent internal conflicts within the employees. This was a great quality of being a leader which he had. When he was asked about the modifications in behavior he added that being subtle and strict at the same time is important to keep the team members within control. They should be encouraged and at the same time it is the duty of the manager to rebuke them, but not in front of everyone so that others do not take advantage of the situation. Feedback: Leadership styles of the chosen leader According to Chemers (2014) had mentioned about the different leadership styles such as participative, autocratic, democratic and others which is imbibed by the leaders while they are in power. However, the journey of a leader is not as easy as it might look but they also need to overcome hurdles. To overcome these hurdles they need to choose one specific leadership style which will be helpful. At this stage of the assignment the chosen leader was asked about his experience and the hardships that he might have faced in his journey of being a successful leader. While conversing with him I was always eager to get hold of the features that might help me to reach a prestigious position as him. I wanted to imbibe the skills from him which will make a great leader as him in the coming days. Skills, behaviors and traits possessed by the chosen leader After listening to my question he said that he always believed that he could be a great leader. He wanted to build himself up in such a way that other people will aspire to be like him. He added that it is very important to have self confidence because it is the mantra to great leadership. He had also adapted the participative style of leadership (Dinh et al. 2014). When a leader will be able to motivate him, only then will he be able to motivate others. The leader must be a torch bearer who will show the way to others and overcome all the hurdles to attain the goal. Mr. Romeo said that his course in business administration had been an added advantage in his journey of being a great manager of a five star hotel. He had also done leadership workshops in order to learn the theoretical aspects. Difference in the observation and feedback At this point of conversation I somehow felt that my observation has gone wrong somewhere. This is because I was only focusing on his traits and behavior but did not do a proper homework on his background. Therefore I added this on my bucket list. One must know the theory beforehand in order to imply that in practical life. However rest of my observation had gone correct regarding his ability to communicate, loyalty, balance in work-life, problem solving, adaptability to changed situation and distant vision (Fairhurst and Connaughton 2014). Use of power and influence tactics I realized that the path to become a leader is not a bed of roses when he shared a personal experience. When he had joined his first organization as a manager most of the people there were older to him. Thus it became a problem for him to convince them as he wanted. The senior employees were reluctant to listen to the junior manager. Mr. Romeo said that as he was a new comer therefore he could not even show his power over the older employees. It was becoming a problem for him to do his duty in the organization when his hands were tied on ethical grounds. That is when he started grooming himself by attending workshops and understood the necessity of being strict and soft at the same time. He became aware of the tricks of the trade to deal with such severe situations. Characteristics of a good and effective leader Being a participative leader, Mr. Romeo always values the opinion of his team members but take the final decision on his own. As he has adapted this particular style of leadership therefore it has helped in motivating the employees as they can contribute to the decision making process (Frohlich and Oppenheimer 2015). They get the feeling that their opinion matters and their presence is being valued in the organization. As per this great leader, there are several characteristics of a good and effective leader which are given below- He said that honesty and integrity should be an integral part of a leaders life (Hazy and Uhl- Bien 2015). While explaining about the value of honesty in a leaders life he quoted Dwight D. Eisenhower, the 34th President of United States, the supreme quality of leadership is unquestionably integrity. Without it, no real success is possible, no matter whether it is on a section gang, a football field, in an army or in an office. In addition to that he said confidence is extremely important to be a great leader which should be passed on to the team too. Mr. Romeo described persuasion of the team is the most difficult task as he had faced in his early work life. This will be effective by enabling good communication which he had done earlier (Johnson 2017). Even in this 5 star hotel he had faced difficulty in convincing people to come to work on holidays which he resolved by increasing their incentives and giving an additional half day leave. He had also arranged for free family meal for every staff twice a month as a strategy to keep a good rapport within the team. How to be a great leader? Mr. Romeo suggested that it always takes good decision making capabilities to be a good leader and also accountability. By saying this, he mentioned a saying of the American businessman Arnold H Glasgow, A good leader takes little more than his share of the blame and little less than his share of the credit. He follows this as his motto in the course of his journey as a leader and recommended certain steps that should not be done while being a leader. I was curious to know about these as one should overcome the hurdles in order to be successful. A leader should learn how to keep his respect in front of the employees and should not insult one employee in front of the other (Johnston and Marshall 2016). Moreover a good leader should not give false hopes to his team. This will result in demoralization within the team and they will lose faith on their leader. A leader should think about the organization and the benefits of his team before thinking of his own selfish reasons. The leader s hould not crave for power or misuse power in order to keep his position, rather he should always think ahead of time for the betterment of the organization. This feedback session with Mr. Romeo helped me in self- analyzing and I marked myself in those areas which needed improvement. I got to know in minute detail how one can build himself up as a good leader and the habits that he must let go in order to be efficient. Reflection From the first two stages of observation and feedback I could gain a lot of knowledge from my role model Mr. Romeo who is the general manager of a five star hotel in Myanmar. While conversing with him I got to know the tricks of the trade required to become an efficient leader. While interning in his organization I had seen the change in his behavior and I wanted to know the reason behind it. This is because I always had it in mind that the minor knowledge gained from this exposure will help me later in life in being an effective leader. In the initial days of my internship I completely observed Mr. Romeo and his activities. In doing so I tried to imbibe his leadership qualities within myself, such as the way he speaks, behaves, reacts to certain situations, solves critical problems and makes decisions. Observation is considered as a major part of learning and therefore I deduced a general idea about him. From the ideas that I have collected about him a rough picture could be painted but not clearly. In order to get a transparent idea one- to- one conversation was very important which counted for a complete and detailed recognition of the person (Klenke 2016). After the two stages of observation and feedback I somehow felt that the two stages contradicted each other at some point. This is because the two theories of leadership were applicable in this, Trait Theory and Behavioral theory (Komives 2016). The feedback session helped me to learn about the hurdles that might come in the way of being an effective leader. Mr. Romeo had shared his personal experience with me which gave me an idea about the bitter reality. He shared that the main obstacle that he had faced while working in this five star hotel is the difference in culture. Food habit of people is dependent on the culture of the place that is why it became essential for the manager to learn the food habits of Myanmar (Miner 2015). Moreover Philippines has majority of Christian population while Burma has Buddhist majority. As the festivals are different in these two cultures therefore the eating habit also varied accordingly. Previously meat and dairy products were avoided by Christia n population during a fixed part of the year while they have a ritual of having bread and wine relative to the body and blood of Jesus Christ (Robertson 2016). On the other hand, the Buddhists are more inclined towards vegetarian food as they cannot tolerate violence against the animals. They prohibit themselves from drinking alcohol and mostly rely on donations as they are not allowed to cook their own food (Sanders 2017). These were some major differences between the two cultures and Mr. Romeo had taken these in consideration to avoid unnecessary complications. Thus, I learned from the interaction that the qualities or traits that I might lack within myself need to be showcased by my behavior in order to be an efficient leader (Northouse 2017). After spending a number of days with my role model I understood that I need to groom and develop myself as per the industry requirement because practical functions are much different than theoretical course. As a leader I need to be a favorite person of the team or else they will not listen to me. Failure of a leader lies in his capability to manage a team. This internship helped me a lot to deal with practical situations which would not have been possible otherwise. Being a student I learnt about the tools and techniques of workplace especially in the hospitality sector where I wish to excel in the future days. As per the observation and feedback I appreciated the strategies that he had implemented in his workplace to bind his team together. I became so friendly with him during these days that at the end o our conversation he asked if I could suggest something to improve his leadership skills. I could not believe that my role model who I aspire to be asked me for recommendation. That is another quality of being a great leader; he should know how to be humble. That is why I felt embarrassed in front of him as I was the one who was learning from him then there is no way I could give him suggestion. Therefore in a very polite tone I expressed my thoughts in front of him and told him to continue in the same way which helped to reach this position. I told him that he should initiate innovative working style in order to boost up his team (Raelin 2016). I also told him to keep his spirits high so that he can continue to be my role model for many more years to come. The interaction ended on a good note which encouraged me to work harder for my future. This assessment helped me to understand the necessity of being a good leader for the improvement of an organization. Conclusion From this assignment it can be concluded that the three stages of observation, feedback and reflection was effective for me in being a good leader. I could measure my skills and capabilities in comparison to my role model. I understood that self- realization is the best way to gauge ones own qualities. Not only did I observe my chosen leader from a close distance but also tried to adapt his qualities and develop myself. The two theories of Behavioral and Trait theory made the learning easier for me and I got motivated in building myself up as a good leader. References Antonakis, J. and Day, D.V. eds., 2017.The nature of leadership. Sage publications. Boezeman, E.J. and Ellemers, N., 2014. Volunteer leadership: The role of pride and respect in organizational identification and leadership satisfaction.Leadership,10(2), pp.160-173. 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